Weather In Outer Space

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December 1, 2016

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We’re all familiar with the di erent kinds of weather that
day and night to watch for solar storms using sensors on
blackout in Canada, leaving millions without power for
that we experience here on Earth. But did you know that
satellites and on the ground. If a solar storm is detected,
up to nine hours. Today, power companies are working to
we experience here on Earth. But did you know that there
satellites and on the ground. If a solar storm is detected,
up to 9 hours. Today, power companies are working to
there is also weather in outer space?
the Space Weather Prediction Center can issue watches,
put systems in place to help prevent this from happening,
is also weather in outer space?
the Space Weather Prediction Center can issue watches,
put systems in place to help prevent this from happening,
Space weather is the term used to describe the various
warnings and alerts, similar to other hazardous weather
and are given advance warning from the SWPC.
Space weather is the term used to describe the various
warnings, and alerts, similar to other hazardous weather
and are given advance warning from the Space Weather
conditions that occur near or in Earth’s upper atmosphere
forecasts including ooding and hurricanes.
e most powerful geomagnetic storm in history
conditions that occur near or in Earth’s upper atmosphere
forecasts including ooding and hurricanes.
Prediction Center.
as a result of changing conditions from the sun. Energetic
Most space weather is harmless, as the earth’s
occurred in 1859 and is known as the Carrington Event. It
as a result of changing conditions from the sun. Energetic
Most space weather is harmless, as the Earth’s
e most powerful geomagnetic storm in history
activity from the sun can sometimes cause explosive
atmosphere and magnetic eld usually protects us
is named a er Richard Carrington, the astronomer who
activity from the sun can sometimes cause explosive events
atmosphere and magnetic eld usually protects us from the
occurred in 1859, and is known as the Carrington Event,
events that may cause geomagnetic storms that a ect the
from the e ects. However, strong solar storms can
observed it. Back then, humans communicated using the
that may cause geomagnetic storms a ecting the earth’s
e ects. However, strong solar storms can sometimes cause
named a er Richard Carrington, the astronomer who
earth’s atmosphere. Just like weather forecasters observe
sometimes cause serious problems with technology.
telegraph, which relied on wires to send messages over
atmosphere. Just like weather forecasters observe and
serious problems with technology. When this happens, it
observed it. Back then, humans communicated with the
and analyze the atmosphere and weather conditions on
When this happens, it can a ect GPS systems, radio
long distances. e geomagnetic storm caused massive
analyze the atmosphere and weather conditions on Earth
can a ect GPS systems, radio communications, satellites,
telegraph which relied on long wires to send messages over
Earth to forecast if it may be windy, stormy or a nice day,
communications, satellites and even the power grid.
disruption with the telegraph system.
to forecast if it may be windy, stormy, or a nice day; space
and even the power grid.
long distances. e geomagnetic storm caused massive
space weather forecasters monitor and assess the sun to
Radio blackouts are the most common space weather
If such a storm happened today, it would surely cause
weather forecasters monitor and assess the sun to predict if
Radio blackouts are the most common space weather
disruption with the telegraph system.
predict if space weather is expected to be quiet or stormy.
e ect. ese occur about 2,000 times every solar cycle,
a lot of problems with our current systems. Luckily,
space weather is expected to be quiet or stormy.
e ect. ese occur about 2,000 times every solar cycle,
If such a storm happened today, it would surely cause
While you are well protected by Earth’s atmosphere
which is 11 years. Most radio blackouts only last for a few
scientists currently estimate that geomagnetic storms the
While you are well protected by Earth’s atmosphere
which is 11 years. Most radio blackouts only last for a few
a lot of problems with our current systems. Luckily,
from stormy space weather, sometimes the e ects of space
minutes, but occasionally they will last for a few hours.
size of the Carrington Event happen only once every 100
from stormy space weather, sometimes the e ects of space
minutes, but occasionally they will last for a few hours.
scientists currently estimate that geomagnetic storms the
weather can be seen here on Earth! e aurora, also called
e most powerful type of solar storms are called
years or more.
weather can be seen here on Earth! e aurora (also called
e most powerful type of solar storms are called
size of the Carrington Event happen only once every 100
the Northern and Southern lights, is a glowing display of
coronal mass ejections. CMEs are massive solar eruptions
To learn more about space weather, visit the National
the Northern and Southern lights), is a glowing display
coronal mass ejections (CME). CMEs are massive solar
years or more.
lights that dance around the sky and are caused by atomic
of plasma, that carry a magnetic eld. ey zoom away
Weather Service’s space weather safety page at http://
of lights that dance around the sky, and are caused by
eruptions of plasma, which carries a magnetic eld, and
To learn more about space weather, visit the National
particles colliding with our atmosphere. Aurora are
from the sun at speeds that can exceed ve million miles
www.nws.noaa.gov/om/space/
atomic particles colliding with our atmosphere. Aurora
these zoom away from the sun at speeds that can exceed 5
Weather Service’s space weather safety page at http://www. nws.noaa.gov/om/space/
usually green, but the color can change depending on the
per hour!
are usually green in color, but their color can change
million miles per hour!
types of particles involved.
If a CME crosses the path of the earth, it can cause a
depending on the types of particles involved.
If a CME crosses the path of the Earth, it can cause a
e National Oceanic and Atmospheric
geomagnetic storm. Geomagnetic storms can a ect the
e National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
geomagnetic storm. Geomagnetic storms can a ect the
Photo by Christopher Morse
Administration operates the Space Weather Prediction
power grid and other electrical transmission equipment.
Photo by Christopher Morse
(NOAA) operates the Space Weather Prediction Center
power grid and other electrical transmission equipment.
Center. e forecasters at SWPC monitor the sun all
In 1989, a strong geomagnetic storm caused a major